HIV and development of epithelial cell abnormalities in women with prior normal cervical cytology in Nigeria

Table 1 Distribution of baseline socio-demographic characteristics by follow up cervical cytology outcome of women with normal cervical cytology category at first CCS in an opportunistic screening program in Jos, Nigeria (N = 1599)

Variable	Normal cytology (NILM)	Abnormal cytology (ECA)	p-value
Patient-reported HIV (N = 1556)
Not infected	1272 (84.9)	227 (15.1)	0.894^†
Infected	48 (84.2)	9 (15.8)
Mean follow up time in yrs (Mean ± SD)
Median follow up time in yrs (IQR)	2.4 ± 1.6	2.3 ± 1.6	0.383^a
	2.0 (1.2–3.1)	1.9 (1.1–2.9)
Mean Age at first CCS (Mean ± SD)	38.8 ± 7.9	41.9 ± 8.6	0.001^a
Age at first CCS (N = 1599)
< 35 years	422 (90.6)	44 (9.4)	0.001^†
≥ 35 years	934 (82.4)	199 (17.6)
Age at first sex (N = 1565)
< 20 years	496 (83.8)	96 (16.2)	0.451^†
≥ 20 years	829 (85.2)	144 (14.8)
Parity (N = 1488)
< 3	426 (90.4)	45 (9.6)	0.001^†
≥ 3	830 (81.6)	187 (18.4)
Total life-time Sex partners (N = 1575)
< 3	928 (84.3)	173 (15.7)	0.364^†
≥ 3	408 (86.1)	66 (13.9)
History of Smoking (ever) (N = 1590)
No	1339 (84.8)	241 (15.2)	0.536^b
Yes	9 (90.0)	1 (10.0)
History of Alcohol (ever) (N = 1581)
No	1261 (84.5)	232 (15.5)	0.101
Yes	80 (90.9)	8 (9.1)
Reported history vaginal infection (N = 1560)
No	199 (80.6)	48 (19.4)	0.043^†
Yes	1124 (85.6)	189 (14.4)
Ever diagnosed with STI (N = 1228)
No	908 (84.9)	161 (15.1)	0.844^†
Yes	136 (85.5)	23 (14.5)

^aStudent’s t-test and ^†Pearson’s Chi-Square. ^bFisher’s Exact. Percent in parenthesis, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range. Due to incomplete responses, some of the variables may not add to the total sample of N = 1599)

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